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From: Taiwan MOE computer dictionary

 binary arithmetic
 二進制算術的

From: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

 Bi·na·ry a.  Compounded or consisting of two things or parts; characterized by two (things).
 Binary arithmetic, that in which numbers are expressed according to the binary scale, or in which two figures only,  0 and 1, are used, in lieu of ten; the cipher multiplying everything by two, as in common arithmetic by ten. Thus, 1 is one; 10 is two; 11 is three; 100 is four, etc. --Davies & Peck.
 Binary compound Chem., a compound of two elements, or of an element and a compound performing the function of an element, or of two compounds performing the function of elements.
 Binary logarithms, a system of logarithms devised by Euler for facilitating musical calculations, in which 1 is the logarithm of 2, instead of 10, as in the common logarithms, and the modulus 1.442695 instead of .43429448.
 Binary measure Mus., measure divisible by two or four; common time.
 Binary nomenclature Nat. Hist., nomenclature in which the names designate both genus and species.
 Binary scale Arith., a uniform scale of notation whose ratio is two.
 Binary star Astron., a double star whose members have a revolution round their common center of gravity.
 Binary theory Chem., the theory that all chemical compounds consist of two constituents of opposite and unlike qualities.

From: Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

 Dy·ad·ic a.  Pertaining to the number two; of two parts or elements.
 Dyadic arithmetic, the same as binary arithmetic.