sugar of lead 名詞



 Lead n.
 1. Chem. One of the elements, a heavy, pliable, inelastic metal, having a bright, bluish color, but easily tarnished.  It is both malleable and ductile, though with little tenacity, and is used for tubes, sheets, bullets, etc. Its specific gravity is 11.37. It is easily fusible (melting point 327.5° C), forms alloys with other metals, and is an ingredient of solder and type metal. Atomic number 82.  Atomic weight, 207.2. Symbol Pb (L. Plumbum). It is chiefly obtained from the mineral galena, lead sulphide.
 2. An article made of lead or an alloy of lead; as: (a) A plummet or mass of lead, used in sounding at sea. (b) Print. A thin strip of type metal, used to separate lines of type in printing. (c) Sheets or plates of lead used as a covering for roofs; hence, pl., a roof covered with lead sheets or terne plates.
    I would have the tower two stories, and goodly leads upon the top.   --Bacon
 3. A small cylinder of black lead or graphite, used in pencils.
 Black lead, graphite or plumbago; -- so called from its leadlike appearance and streak. [Colloq.]
 Coasting lead, a sounding lead intermediate in weight between a hand lead and deep-sea lead.
 Deep-sea lead, the heaviest of sounding leads, used in water exceeding a hundred fathoms in depth. --Ham. Nav. Encyc.
 Hand lead, a small lead use for sounding in shallow water.
 Krems lead, Kremnitz lead [so called from Krems or Kremnitz, in Austria], a pure variety of white lead, formed into tablets, and called also Krems white, or Kremnitz white, and Vienna white.
 Lead arming, tallow put in the hollow of a sounding lead. See To arm the lead (below).
 Lead colic. See under Colic.
 Lead color, a deep bluish gray color, like tarnished lead.
 Lead glance. Min. Same as Galena.
 Lead line (a) Med. A dark line along the gums produced by a deposit of metallic lead, due to lead poisoning. (b) Naut. A sounding line.
 Lead mill, a leaden polishing wheel, used by lapidaries.
 Lead ocher Min., a massive sulphur-yellow oxide of lead. Same as Massicot.
 Lead pencil, a pencil of which the marking material is graphite (black lead).
 Lead plant Bot., a low leguminous plant, genus Amorpha (Amorpha canescens), found in the Northwestern United States, where its presence is supposed to indicate lead ore. --Gray.
 Lead tree. (a) Bot. A West Indian name for the tropical, leguminous tree, Leucæna glauca; -- probably so called from the glaucous color of the foliage. (b) Chem. Lead crystallized in arborescent forms from a solution of some lead salt, as by suspending a strip of zinc in lead acetate.
 Mock lead, a miner's term for blende.
 Red lead, a scarlet, crystalline, granular powder, consisting of minium when pure, but commonly containing several of the oxides of lead. It is used as a paint or cement and also as an ingredient of flint glass.
 Red lead ore Min., crocoite.
 Sugar of lead, acetate of lead.
 To arm the lead, to fill the hollow in the bottom of a sounding lead with tallow in order to discover the nature of the bottom by the substances adhering. --Ham. Nav. Encyc.
 To cast the lead, or To heave the lead, to cast the sounding lead for ascertaining the depth of water.
 White lead, hydrated carbonate of lead, obtained as a white, amorphous powder, and much used as an ingredient of white paint.


 Sug·ar n.
 1. A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note below.
 Note: ☞ The term sugar includes several commercial grades, as the white or refined, granulated, loaf or lump, and the raw brown or muscovado. In a more general sense, it includes several distinct chemical compounds, as the glucoses, or grape sugars (including glucose proper, dextrose, and levulose), and the sucroses, or true sugars (as cane sugar). All sugars are carbohydrates. See Carbohydrate.
     The glucoses, or grape sugars, are ketone alcohols of the formula C6H12O6, and they turn the plane of polarization to the right or the left. They are produced from the amyloses and sucroses, as by the action of heat and acids of ferments, and are themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The only sugar (called acrose) as yet produced artificially belongs to this class. The sucroses, or cane sugars, are doubled glucose anhydrides of the formula C12H22O11. They are usually not fermentable as such (cf. Sucrose), and they act on polarized light.
 2. By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.
 3. Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words. [Colloq.]
 Acorn sugar. See Quercite.
 Cane sugar, sugar made from the sugar cane; sucrose, or an isomeric sugar. See Sucrose.
 Diabetes sugar, or Diabetic sugar Med. Chem., a variety of sugar (grape sugar or dextrose) excreted in the urine in diabetes mellitus; -- the presence of such a sugar in the urine is used to diagnose the illness.
 Fruit sugar. See under Fruit, and Fructose.
 Grape sugar, a sirupy or white crystalline sugar (dextrose or glucose) found as a characteristic ingredient of ripe grapes, and also produced from many other sources. See Dextrose, and Glucose.
 Invert sugar. See under Invert.
 Malt sugar, a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, found in malt. See Maltose.
 Manna sugar, a substance found in manna, resembling, but distinct from, the sugars. See Mannite.
 Milk sugar, a variety of sugar characteristic of fresh milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See Lactose.
 Muscle sugar, a sweet white crystalline substance isomeric with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses.  It is found in the tissue of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called also heart sugar. See Inosite.
 Pine sugar. See Pinite.
 Starch sugar Com. Chem., a variety of dextrose made by the action of heat and acids on starch from corn, potatoes, etc.; -- called also potato sugar, corn sugar, and, inaccurately, invert sugar. See Dextrose, and Glucose.
 Sugar barek, one who refines sugar.
 Sugar beet Bot., a variety of beet (Beta vulgaris) with very large white roots, extensively grown, esp. in Europe, for the sugar obtained from them.
 Sugar berry Bot., the hackberry.
 Sugar bird Zool., any one of several species of small South American singing birds of the genera Coereba, Dacnis, and allied genera belonging to the family Coerebidae. They are allied to the honey eaters.
 Sugar bush. See Sugar orchard.
 Sugar camp, a place in or near a sugar orchard, where maple sugar is made.
 Sugar candian, sugar candy. [Obs.]
 Sugar candy, sugar clarified and concreted or crystallized; candy made from sugar.
 Sugar cane Bot., a tall perennial grass (Saccharum officinarium), with thick short-jointed stems. It has been cultivated for ages as the principal source of sugar.
 Sugar loaf. (a) A loaf or mass of refined sugar, usually in the form of a truncated cone. (b) A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.
    Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that sugar loaf?   --J. Webster.
 -- Sugar maple Bot., the rock maple (Acer saccharinum). See Maple.
 Sugar mill, a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar cane, usually consisting of three or more rollers, between which the cane is passed.
 Sugar mite. Zool. (a) A small mite (Tyroglyphus sacchari), often found in great numbers in unrefined sugar. (b) The lepisma.
 Sugar of lead. See Sugar, 2, above.
 Sugar of milk. See under Milk.
 Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and preserved for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; -- called also, sometimes, sugar bush. [U.S.] --Bartlett.
 Sugar pine Bot., an immense coniferous tree (Pinus Lambertiana) of California and Oregon, furnishing a soft and easily worked timber. The resinous exudation from the stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been used as a substitute for sugar.
 Sugar squirrel Zool., an Australian flying phalanger (Belideus sciureus), having a long bushy tail and a large parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See Illust. under Phlanger.
 Sugar tongs, small tongs, as of silver, used at table for taking lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl.
 Sugar tree. Bot. See Sugar maple, above.


 sugar of lead
      n : a poisonous white solid (Pb[CH3CO]2) used in dyeing cotton
          and in making enamels and varnishes [syn: lead acetate]