DICT.TW Dictionary Taiwan
U·nit n.
1. A single thing or person.
2. Arith. The least whole number; one.
Units are the integral parts of any large number. --I. Watts.
3. A gold coin of the reign of James I., of the value of twenty shillings.
4. Any determinate amount or quantity (as of length, time, heat, value) adopted as a standard of measurement for other amounts or quantities of the same kind.
5. Math. A single thing, as a magnitude or number, regarded as an undivided whole.
Abstract unit, the unit of numeration; one taken in the abstract; the number represented by 1. The term is used in distinction from concrete, or determinate, unit, that is, a unit in which the kind of thing is expressed; a unit of measure or value; as 1 foot, 1 dollar, 1 pound, and the like.
Complex unit Theory of Numbers, an imaginary number of the form a + b√(-1), when a² + b² = 1.
Duodecimal unit, a unit in the scale of numbers increasing or decreasing by twelves.
Fractional unit, the unit of a fraction; the reciprocal of the denominator; thus, ¼ is the unit of the fraction ¾.
Integral unit, the unit of integral numbers, or 1.
Physical unit, a value or magnitude conventionally adopted as a unit or standard in physical measurements. The various physical units are usually based on given units of length, mass, and time, and on the density or other properties of some substance, for example, water. See Dyne, Erg, Farad, Ohm, Poundal, etc.
Unit deme Biol., a unit of the inferior order or orders of individuality.
Unit jar Elec., a small, insulated Leyden jar, placed between the electrical machine and a larger jar or battery, so as to announce, by its repeated discharges, the amount of electricity passed into the larger jar.
Unit of heat Physics, a determinate quantity of heat adopted as a unit of measure; a thermal unit (see under Thermal). Water is the substance generally employed, the unit being one gram or one pound, and the temperature interval one degree of the Centigrade or Fahrenheit scale. When referred to the gram, it is called the gram degree. The British unit of heat, or thermal unit, used by engineers in England and in the United States, is the quantity of heat necessary to raise one pound of pure water at and near its temperature of greatest density (39.1° Fahr.) through one degree of the Fahrenheit scale. --Rankine.
Unit of illumination, the light of a sperm candle burning 120 grains per hour. Standard gas, burning at the rate of five cubic feet per hour, must have an illuminating power equal to that of fourteen such candles.
Unit of measure (as of length, surface, volume, dry measure, liquid measure, money, weight, time, and the like), in general, a determinate quantity or magnitude of the kind designated, taken as a standard of comparison for others of the same kind, in assigning to them numerical values, as 1 foot, 1 yard, 1 mile, 1 square foot, 1 square yard, 1 cubic foot, 1 peck, 1 bushel, 1 gallon, 1 cent, 1 ounce, 1 pound, 1 hour, and the like; more specifically, the fundamental unit adopted in any system of weights, measures, or money, by which its several denominations are regulated, and which is itself defined by comparison with some known magnitude, either natural or empirical, as, in the United States, the dollar for money, the pound avoirdupois for weight, the yard for length, the gallon of 8.3389 pounds avoirdupois of water at 39.8° Fahr. (about 231 cubic inches) for liquid measure, etc.; in Great Britain, the pound sterling, the pound troy, the yard, or
Unit of power. Mach. See Horse power.
Unit of resistance. Elec. See Resistance, n., 4, and Ohm.
Unit of work Physics, the amount of work done by a unit force acting through a unit distance, or the amount required to lift a unit weight through a unit distance against gravitation. See Erg, Foot Pound, Kilogrammeter.
Unit stress Mech. Physics, stress per unit of area; intensity of stress. It is expressed in ounces, pounds, tons, etc., per square inch, square foot, or square yard, etc., or in atmospheres, or inches of mercury or water, or the like.
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Work n.
1. Exertion of strength or faculties; physical or intellectual effort directed to an end; industrial activity; toil; employment; sometimes, specifically, physical labor.
Man hath his daily work of body or mind
Appointed. --Milton.
2. The matter on which one is at work; that upon which one spends labor; material for working upon; subject of exertion; the thing occupying one; business; duty; as, to take up one's work; to drop one's work.
Come on, Nerissa; I have work in hand
That you yet know not of. --Shak.
In every work that he began . . . he did it with all his heart, and prospered. --2 Chron. xxxi. 21.
3. That which is produced as the result of labor; anything accomplished by exertion or toil; product; performance; fabric; manufacture; in a more general sense, act, deed, service, effect, result, achievement, feat.
To leave no rubs or blotches in the work. --Shak.
The work some praise,
And some the architect. --Milton.
Fancy . . .
Wild work produces oft, and most in dreams. --Milton.
The composition or dissolution of mixed bodies . . . is the chief work of elements. --Sir K. Digby.
4. Specifically: (a) That which is produced by mental labor; a composition; a book; as, a work, or the works, of Addison. (b) Flowers, figures, or the like, wrought with the needle; embroidery.
I am glad I have found this napkin; . . .
I'll have the work ta'en out,
And give 't Iago. --Shak.
(c) pl. Structures in civil, military, or naval engineering, as docks, bridges, embankments, trenches, fortifications, and the like; also, the structures and grounds of a manufacturing establishment; as, iron works; locomotive works; gas works. (d) pl. The moving parts of a mechanism; as, the works of a watch.
5. Manner of working; management; treatment; as, unskillful work spoiled the effect.
6. Mech. The causing of motion against a resisting force. The amount of work is proportioned to, and is measured by, the product of the force into the amount of motion along the direction of the force. See Conservation of energy, under Conservation, Unit of work, under Unit, also Foot pound, Horse power, Poundal, and Erg.
Energy is the capacity of doing work . . . Work is the transference of energy from one system to another. --Clerk Maxwell.
7. Mining Ore before it is dressed.
8. pl. Script. Performance of moral duties; righteous conduct.
He shall reward every man according to his works. --Matt. xvi. 27.
Faith, if it hath not works, is dead. --James ii. 17.
9. Cricket Break; twist. [Cant]
10. Mech. The causing of motion against a resisting force, measured by the product of the force into the component of the motion resolved along the direction of the force.
Energy is the capacity of doing work. . . . Work is the transference of energy from one system to another. --Clerk Maxwell.
11. Mining Ore before it is dressed.
Muscular work Physiol., the work done by a muscle through the power of contraction.
To go to work, to begin laboring; to commence operations; to contrive; to manage. “I 'll go another way to work with him.” --Shak.
To set on work, to cause to begin laboring; to set to work. [Obs.] --Hooker.
To set to work, to employ; to cause to engage in any business or labor.