Pa·per n.
 1. A substance in the form of thin sheets or leaves intended to be written or printed on, or to be used in wrapping.  It is made of rags, straw, bark, wood, or other fibrous material, which is first reduced to pulp, then molded, pressed, and dried.
 2. A sheet, leaf, or piece of such substance.
 3. A printed or written instrument; a document, essay, or the like; a writing; as, a paper read before a scientific society.
    They brought a paper to me to be signed.   --Dryden.
 4. A printed sheet appearing periodically; a newspaper; a journal; as, a daily paper.
 5. Negotiable evidences of indebtedness; notes; bills of exchange, and the like; as, the bank holds a large amount of his paper.
 6. Decorated hangings or coverings for walls, made of paper. See Paper hangings, below.
 7. A paper containing (usually) a definite quantity; as, a paper of pins, tacks, opium, etc.
 8. A medicinal preparation spread upon paper, intended for external application; as, cantharides paper.
 Note: ☞ Paper is manufactured in sheets, the trade names of which, together with the regular sizes in inches, are shown in the following table.  But paper makers vary the size somewhat.
 Note: In the manufacture of books, etc., a sheet, of whatever size originally, is termed, when folded once, a folio; folded twice, a quarto, or 4to; three times, an octavo, or 8vo; four times, a sextodecimo, or 16mo; five times, a 32mo; three times, with an offcut folded twice and set in, a duodecimo, or 12mo; four times, with an offcut folded three times and set in, a 24mo.
 Note: ☞ Paper is often used adjectively or in combination, having commonly an obvious signification; as, paper cutter or paper-cutter; paper knife, paper-knife, or paperknife; paper maker, paper-maker, or papermaker; paper mill or paper-mill; paper weight, paper-weight, or paperweight, etc.
 Business paper, checks, notes, drafts, etc., given in payment of actual indebtedness; -- opposed to accommodation paper.
 Fly paper, paper covered with a sticky preparation, -- used for catching flies.
 Laid paper. See under Laid.
 Paper birch Bot., the canoe birch tree (Betula papyracea).
 Paper blockade, an ineffective blockade, as by a weak naval force.
 Paper boat Naut., a boat made of water-proof paper.
 Paper car wheel Railroad, a car wheel having a steel tire, and a center formed of compressed paper held between two plate-iron disks. --Forney.
 Paper credit, credit founded upon evidences of debt, such as promissory notes, duebills, etc.
 Paper hanger, one who covers walls with paper hangings.
 Paper hangings, paper printed with colored figures, or otherwise made ornamental, prepared to be pasted against the walls of apartments, etc.; wall paper.
 Paper house, an audience composed of people who have come in on free passes. [Cant]
 Paper money, notes or bills, usually issued by government or by a banking corporation, promising payment of money, and circulated as the representative of coin.
 Paper mulberry. Bot. See under Mulberry.
 Paper muslin, glazed muslin, used for linings, etc.
 Paper nautilus. Zool. See Argonauta.
 Paper reed Bot., the papyrus.
 Paper sailor. Zool. See Argonauta.
 Paper stainer, one who colors or stamps wall paper. --De Colange.
 Paper wasp Zool., any wasp which makes a nest of paperlike material, as the yellow jacket.
 Paper weight, any object used as a weight to prevent loose papers from being displaced by wind, or otherwise.
 on paper. (a) in writing; as, I would like to see that on paper. (b) in theory, though not necessarily in paractice. (c) in the design state; planned, but not yet put into practice.
 Parchment paper. See Papyrine.
 Tissue paper, thin, gauzelike paper, such as is used to protect engravings in books.
 Wall paper. Same as Paper hangings, above.
 Waste paper, paper thrown aside as worthless or useless, except for uses of little account.
 Wove paper, a writing paper with a uniform surface, not ribbed or watermarked.
 paper tiger, a person or group that appears to be powerful and dangerous but is in fact weak and ineffectual.

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 Wall n.
 1. A work or structure of stone, brick, or other materials, raised to some height, and intended for defense or security, solid and permanent inclosing fence, as around a field, a park, a town, etc., also, one of the upright inclosing parts of a building or a room.
    The plaster of the wall of the King's palace.   --Dan. v. 5.
 2. A defense; a rampart; a means of protection; in the plural, fortifications, in general; works for defense.
    The waters were a wall unto them on their right hand, and on their left.   --Ex. xiv. 22.
 In such a night,
 Troilus, methinks, mounted the Troyan walls.   --Shak.
    To rush undaunted to defend the walls.   --Dryden.
 3. An inclosing part of a receptacle or vessel; as, the walls of a steam-engine cylinder.
 4. Mining (a) The side of a level or drift.  (b) The country rock bounding a vein laterally.
 Note: ☞ Wall is often used adjectively, and also in the formation of compounds, usually of obvious signification; as in wall paper, or wall-paper; wall fruit, or wall-fruit; wallflower, etc.
 Blank wall, Blind wall, etc.  See under Blank, Blind, etc.
 To drive to the wall, to bring to extremities; to push to extremes; to get the advantage of, or mastery over.
 To go to the wall, to be hard pressed or driven; to be the weaker party; to be pushed to extremes.
 To take the wall. to take the inner side of a walk, that is, the side next the wall; hence, to take the precedence.  “I will take the wall of any man or maid of Montague's.” --Shak.
 Wall barley Bot., a kind of grass (Hordeum murinum) much resembling barley; squirrel grass.  See under Squirrel.
 Wall box. Mach. See Wall frame, below.
 Wall creeper Zool., a small bright-colored bird (Tichodroma muraria) native of Asia and Southern Europe. It climbs about over old walls and cliffs in search of insects and spiders. Its body is ash-gray above, the wing coverts are carmine-red, the primary quills are mostly red at the base and black distally, some of them with white spots, and the tail is blackish. Called also spider catcher.
 Wall cress Bot., a name given to several low cruciferous herbs, especially to the mouse-ear cress.  See under Mouse-ear.
 Wall frame Mach., a frame set in a wall to receive a pillow block or bearing for a shaft passing through the wall; -- called also wall box.
 Wall fruit, fruit borne by trees trained against a wall.
 Wall gecko Zool., any one of several species of Old World geckos which live in or about buildings and run over the vertical surfaces of walls, to which they cling by means of suckers on the feet.
 Wall lizard Zool., a common European lizard (Lacerta muralis) which frequents houses, and lives in the chinks and crevices of walls; -- called also wall newt.
 Wall louse, a wood louse.
 Wall moss Bot., any species of moss growing on walls.
 Wall newt Zool., the wall lizard. --Shak.
 Wall paper, paper for covering the walls of rooms; paper hangings.
 Wall pellitory Bot., a European plant (Parictaria officinalis) growing on old walls, and formerly esteemed medicinal.
 Wall pennywort Bot., a plant (Cotyledon Umbilicus) having rounded fleshy leaves. It is found on walls in Western Europe.
 Wall pepper Bot., a low mosslike plant (Sedum acre) with small fleshy leaves having a pungent taste and bearing yellow flowers. It is common on walls and rocks in Europe, and is sometimes seen in America.
 Wall pie Bot., a kind of fern; wall rue.
 Wall piece, a gun planted on a wall. --H. L. Scott.
 Wall plate Arch., a piece of timber placed horizontally upon a wall, and supporting posts, joists, and the like.  See Illust. of Roof.
 Wall rock, granular limestone used in building walls. [U. S.] --Bartlett.
 Wall rue Bot., a species of small fern (Asplenium Ruta-muraria) growing on walls, rocks, and the like.
 Wall spring, a spring of water issuing from stratified rocks.
 Wall tent, a tent with upright cloth sides corresponding to the walls of a house.
 Wall wasp Zool., a common European solitary wasp (Odynerus parietus) which makes its nest in the crevices of walls.