given
 (a.)贈予的,沈溺的,約定的(vbl.)give的過去分詞
 Give v. t. [imp. Gave p. p. Given p. pr. & vb. n. Giving.]
 1. To bestow without receiving a return; to confer without compensation; to impart, as a possession; to grant, as authority or permission; to yield up or allow.
    For generous lords had rather give than pay.   --Young.
 2. To yield possesion of; to deliver over, as property, in exchange for something; to pay; as, we give the value of what we buy.
    What shall a man give in exchange for his soul ?   --Matt. xvi. 26.
 3. To yield; to furnish; to produce; to emit; as, flint and steel give sparks.
 4. To communicate or announce, as advice, tidings, etc.; to pronounce; to render or utter, as an opinion, a judgment, a sentence, a shout, etc.
 5. To grant power or license to; to permit; to allow; to license; to commission.
    It is given me once again to behold my friend.   --Rowe.
    Then give thy friend to shed the sacred wine.   --Pope.
 6. To exhibit as a product or result; to produce; to show; as, the number of men, divided by the number of ships, gives four hundred to each ship.
 7. To devote; to apply; used reflexively, to devote or apply one's self; as, the soldiers give themselves to plunder; also in this sense used very frequently in the past participle; as, the people are given to luxury and pleasure; the youth is given to study.
 8. Logic & Math. To set forth as a known quantity or a known relation, or as a premise from which to reason; -- used principally in the passive form given.
 9. To allow or admit by way of supposition.
    I give not heaven for lost.   --Mlton.
 10. To attribute; to assign; to adjudge.
    I don't wonder at people's giving him to me as a lover.   --Sheridan.
 11. To excite or cause to exist, as a sensation; as, to give offense; to give pleasure or pain.
 12. To pledge; as, to give one's word.
 13. To cause; to make; -- with the infinitive; as, to give one to understand, to know, etc.
 But there the duke was given to understand
 That in a gondola were seen together
 Lorenzo and his amorous Jessica.   --Shak.
 14. To afford a view of; as, his window gave the park.
 To give away, to make over to another; to transfer.
    Whatsoever we employ in charitable uses during our lives, is given away from ourselves.   --Atterbury.
 -- To give back, to return; to restore. --Atterbury.
 To give the bag, to cheat. [Obs.]
    I fear our ears have given us the bag.   --J. Webster.
 -- To give birth to. (a) To bear or bring forth, as a child. (b) To originate; to give existence to, as an enterprise, idea.
 To give chase, to pursue.
 To give ear to. See under Ear.
 To give forth, to give out; to publish; to tell. --Hayward.
 To give ground. See under Ground, n.
 To give the hand, to pledge friendship or faith.
 To give the hand of, to espouse; to bestow in marriage.
 To give the head. See under Head, n.
 To give in. (a) To abate; to deduct. (b) To declare; to make known; to announce; to tender; as, to give in one's adhesion to a party.
 To give the lie to (a person), to tell (him) that he lies.
 To give line. See under Line.
 To give off, to emit, as steam, vapor, odor, etc.
 To give one's self away, to make an inconsiderate surrender of one's cause, an unintentional disclosure of one's purposes, or the like. [Colloq.]
 To give out. (a) To utter publicly; to report; to announce or declare.
    One that gives out himself Prince Florizel.   --Shak.
    Give out you are of Epidamnum.   --Shak.
 (b) To send out; to emit; to distribute; as, a substance gives out steam or odors.
 To give over. (a) To yield completely; to quit; to abandon. (b) To despair of. (c) To addict, resign, or apply (one's self).
    The Babylonians had given themselves over to all manner of vice.    --Grew.
 -- To give place, to withdraw; to yield one's claim.
 To give points. (a) In games of skill, to equalize chances by conceding a certain advantage; to allow a handicap. (b) To give useful suggestions. [Colloq.]
 To give rein. See under Rein, n.
 To give the sack. Same as To give the bag.
 To give and take. (a) To average gains and losses. (b) To exchange freely, as blows, sarcasms, etc.
 To give time (Law), to accord extension or forbearance to a debtor. --Abbott.
 To give the time of day, to salute one with the compliment appropriate to the hour, as “good morning.” “good evening”, etc.
 To give tongue, in hunter's phrase, to bark; -- said of dogs.
 To give up. (a) To abandon; to surrender. “Don't give up the ship.”
 He has . . . given up
 For certain drops of salt, your city Rome.   --Shak.
 (b) To make public; to reveal.
 I'll not state them
 By giving up their characters.   --Beau. & Fl.
 (c) (Used also reflexively.)
 To give up the ghost. See under Ghost.
 To give one's self up, to abandon hope; to despair; to surrender one's self.
 To give way. (a) To withdraw; to give place. (b) To yield to force or pressure; as, the scaffolding gave way. (c) Naut. To begin to row; or to row with increased energy. (d) Stock Exchange. To depreciate or decline in value; as, railroad securities gave way two per cent.
 To give way together, to row in time; to keep stroke.
 Syn: -- To Give, Confer, Grant.
 Usage: To give is the generic word, embracing all the rest. To confer was originally used of persons in power, who gave permanent grants or privileges; as, to confer the order of knighthood; and hence it still denotes the giving of something which might have been withheld; as, to confer a favor. To grant is to give in answer to a petition or request, or to one who is in some way dependent or inferior.
 Giv·en p. p. & a. from Give, v.
 1. Math. & Logic Granted; assumed; supposed to be known; set forth as a known quantity, relation, or premise.
 2. Disposed; inclined; -- used with an adv.; as, virtuously given.
 3. Stated; fixed; as, in a given time.
 Given name, the Christian name, or name given by one's parents or guardians, as distinguished from the surname, which is inherited. [Colloq.]
 ◄ ►
 given
      See give
 given
      adj 1: specified in advance; "a given number"; "we will meet at a
             given time and location" [syn: fixed, given(a)]
      2: acknowledged as a supposition; "given the engine's
         condition, it is a wonder that it started" [syn: granted]
      3: having possession delivered or transferred without
         compensation [ant: taken]
      4: (usually followed by `to') naturally disposed toward; "he is
         apt to ignore matters he considers unimportant"; "I am not
         minded to answer any questions" [syn: apt(p), disposed(p),
          given(p), minded(p), tending(p)]
      n : an assumption that is taken for granted [syn: presumption,
           precondition]
 give
      n : the elasticity of something that can be stretched and
          returns to its original length [syn: spring, springiness]
      v 1: cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense; "She
           gave him a black eye"; "The draft gave me a cold"
      2: be the cause or source of; "He gave me a lot of trouble";
         "Our meeting afforded much interesting information" [syn:
         yield, afford]
      3: transfer possession of something concrete or abstract to
         somebody; "I gave her my money"; "can you give me
         lessons?"; "She gave the children lots of love and tender
         loving care" [ant: take]
      4: convey or reveal information; "Give one's name"
      5: convey, as of a compliment, regards, attention, etc.;
         bestow; "Don't pay him any mind"; "give the orders"; "Give
         him my best regards"; "pay attention" [syn: pay]
      6: organize or be responsible for; "hold a reception"; "have,
         throw, or make a party"; "give a course" [syn: hold, throw,
          have, make]
      7: convey or communicate; of a smile, a look, a physical
         gesture; "Throw a glance"; "She gave me a dirty look"
         [syn: throw]
      8: give as a present; make a gift of; "What will you give her
         for her birthday?" [syn: gift, present]
      9: bring about; "His two singles gave the team the victory"
         [syn: bring about, yield]
      10: dedicate; "give thought to"; "give priority to"; "pay
          attention to" [syn: pay, devote]
      11: give or supply; "The cow brings in 5 liters of milk"; "This
          year's crop yielded 1,000 bushels of corn"; "The estate
          renders some revenue for the family" [syn: render, yield,
           return, generate]
      12: tell or deposit (information) knowledge; "give a secret to
          the Russians"; "leave your name and address here" [syn: impart,
           leave, pass on]
      13: bring about; "The trompe l'oeil-illusion establishes depth"
          [syn: establish]
      14: leave with; give temporarily; "Can I give you my keys while
          I go in the pool?"; "Can I give you the children for the
          weekend?"
      15: emit or utter; "Give a gulp"; "give a yelp"
      16: endure the loss of; "He gave his life for his children"; "I
          gave two sons to the war" [syn: sacrifice]
      17: place into the hands or custody of; "hand me the spoon,
          please"; "Turn the files over to me, please"; "He turned
          over the prisoner to his lawyers" [syn: pass, hand, reach,
           pass on, turn over]
      18: give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause; "She
          committed herself to the work of God"; "give one's
          talents to a good cause"; "consecrate your life to the
          church" [syn: dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote]
      19: give (as medicine); "I gave him the drug"
      20: give or convey physically; "She gave him First Aid"; "I gave
          him a punch in the nose" [syn: apply]
      21: bestow; "give hommage"; "render thanks" [syn: render]
      22: bestow, especially officially; "grant a degree"; "give a
          divorce"; "This bill grants us new rights" [syn: grant]
      23: move in order to make room for someone for something; "The
          park gave way to a supermarket"; "`Move over,' he told
          the crowd" [syn: move over, give way, ease up, yield]
      24: give food to; "Feed the starving children in India"; "don't
          give the child this tough meat" [syn: feed] [ant: starve]
      25: contribute to some cause; "I gave at the office" [syn: contribute,
           chip in, kick in]
      26: break down, literally or metaphorically; "The wall
          collapsed"; "The business collapsed"; "The dam broke";
          "The roof collapsed"; "The wall gave in"; "The roof
          finally gave under the weight of the ice" [syn: collapse,
           fall in, cave in, give way, break, founder]
      27: estimate the duration or outcome of something; "He gave the
          patient three months to live"; "I gave him a very good
          chance at success"
      28: execute and deliver; "Give bond"
      29: deliver in exchange or recompense; "I'll give you three
          books for four CDs"
      30: afford access to; "the door opens to the patio"; "The French
          doors give onto a terrace" [syn: afford, open]
      31: present to view; "He gave the sign to start"
      32: perform for an audience; "Pollini is giving another concert
          in New York"
      33: be flexible under stress of physical force; "This material
          doesn't give" [syn: yield]
      34: propose; "He gave the first of many toasts at the birthday
          party"
      35: legal use: accord by verdict; "give a decision for the
          plaintiff"
      36: manifest or show; "This student gives promise of real
          creativity"; "The office gave evidence of tampering"
      37: offer in good faith; "He gave her his word"
      38: submit for consideration, judgment, or use; "give one's
          opinion"; "give an excuse"
      39: guide or direct, as by behavior of persuasion; "You gave me
          to think that you agreed with me"
      40: allow to have or take; "I give you two minutes to respond"
      41: inflict as a punishment; "She gave the boy a good spanking";
          "The judge gave me 10 years"
      42: occur; "what gives?"
      43: consent to engage in sexual intercourse with a man; "She
          gave herself to many men"
      44: proffer (a body part); "She gave her hand to her little
          sister"
      [also: given, gave]