DICT.TW Dictionary Taiwan

 pain n.
 1. Punishment suffered or denounced; suffering or evil inflicted as a punishment for crime, or connected with the commission of a crime; penalty.
    We will, by way of mulct or pain, lay it upon him.   --Bacon.
    Interpose, on pain of my displeasure.   --Dryden.
    None shall presume to fly, under pain of death.   --Addison.
 2. Any uneasy sensation in animal bodies, from slight uneasiness to extreme distress or torture, proceeding from a derangement of functions, disease, or injury by violence; bodily distress; bodily suffering; an ache; a smart. “The pain of Jesus Christ.”
 Note: ☞ Pain may occur in any part of the body where sensory nerves are distributed, and it is always due to some kind of stimulation of them.  The sensation is generally interpreted as originating at the peripheral end of the nerve.
 3. pl. Specifically, the throes or travail of childbirth.
    She bowed herself and travailed, for her pains came upon her.   --1 Sam. iv. 19.
 4. Uneasiness of mind; mental distress; disquietude; anxiety; grief; solicitude; anguish.  Also called mental pain.
    In rapture as in pain.   --Keble.
 5. See Pains, labor, effort.
 Bill of pains and penalties. See under Bill.
 To die in the pain, to be tortured to death. [Obs.] --Chaucer.
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 Pe·nal·ty n.; pl. Penalties
 1. Penal retribution; punishment for crime or offense; the suffering in person or property which is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a crime, offense, or trespass.
    Death is the penalty imposed.   --Milton.
 2. The suffering, or the sum to be forfeited, to which a person subjects himself by covenant or agreement, in case of nonfulfillment of stipulations; forfeiture; fine.
    The penalty and forfeit of my bond.   --Shak.
 3. A handicap. [Sporting Cant]
 Note: ☞ The term penalty is in law mostly applied to a pecuniary punishment.
 Bill of pains and penalties. See under Bill.
 On penalty of, or Under penalty of, on pain of; with exposure to the penalty of, in case of transgression.
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 Bill, n.
 1. Law A declaration made in writing, stating some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a fault committed by some person against a law.
 2. A writing binding the signer or signers to pay a certain sum at a future day or on demand, with or without interest, as may be stated in the document. [Eng.]
 Note: ☞ In the United States, it is usually called a note, a note of hand, or a promissory note.
 3. A form or draft of a law, presented to a legislature for enactment; a proposed or projected law.
 4. A paper, written or printed, and posted up or given away, to advertise something, as a lecture, a play, or the sale of goods; a placard; a poster; a handbill.
    She put up the bill in her parlor window.   --Dickens.
 5. An account of goods sold, services rendered, or work done, with the price or charge; a statement of a creditor's claim, in gross or by items; as, a grocer's bill.
 6. Any paper, containing a statement of particulars; as, a bill of charges or expenditures; a weekly bill of mortality; a bill of fare, etc.
 Bill of adventure. See under Adventure.
 Bill of costs, a statement of the items which form the total amount of the costs of a party to a suit or action.
 Bill of credit. (a) Within the constitution of the United States, a paper issued by a State, on the mere faith and credit of the State, and designed to circulate as money. No State shall “emit bills of credit.” --U. S. Const.   --Peters.   --Wharton.   --Bouvier (b) Among merchants, a letter sent by an agent or other person to a merchant, desiring him to give credit to the bearer for goods or money.
 Bill of divorce, in the Jewish law, a writing given by the husband to the wife, by which the marriage relation was dissolved. --Jer. iii. 8.
 Bill of entry, a written account of goods entered at the customhouse, whether imported or intended for exportation.
 Bill of exceptions. See under Exception.
 Bill of exchange Com., a written order or request from one person or house to another, desiring the latter to pay to some person designated a certain sum of money therein generally is, and, to be negotiable, must be, made payable to order or to bearer. So also the order generally expresses a specified time of payment, and that it is drawn for value. The person who draws the bill is called the drawer, the person on whom it is drawn is, before acceptance, called the drawee, -- after acceptance, the acceptor; the person to whom the money is directed to be paid is called the payee. The person making the order may himself be the payee. The bill itself is frequently called a draft. See Exchange. --Chitty.
 Bill of fare, a written or printed enumeration of the dishes served at a public table, or of the dishes (with prices annexed) which may be ordered at a restaurant, etc.
 Bill of health, a certificate from the proper authorities as to the state of health of a ship's company at the time of her leaving port.
 Bill of indictment, a written accusation lawfully presented to a grand jury. If the jury consider the evidence sufficient to support the accusation, they indorse it “A true bill,” otherwise they write upon it “Not a true bill,” or “Not found,” or “=\Ignoramus”\=, or “Ignored.”
 Bill of lading, a written account of goods shipped by any person, signed by the agent of the owner of the vessel, or by its master, acknowledging the receipt of the goods, and promising to deliver them safe at the place directed, dangers of the sea excepted. It is usual for the master to sign two, three, or four copies of the bill; one of which he keeps in possession, one is kept by the shipper, and one is sent to the consignee of the goods.
 Bill of mortality, an official statement of the number of deaths in a place or district within a given time; also, a district required to be covered by such statement; as, a place within the bills of mortality of London.
 Bill of pains and penalties, a special act of a legislature which inflicts a punishment less than death upon persons supposed to be guilty of treason or felony, without any conviction in the ordinary course of judicial proceedings. --Bouvier. --Wharton.
 Bill of parcels, an account given by the seller to the buyer of the several articles purchased, with the price of each.
 Bill of particulars Law, a detailed statement of the items of a plaintiff's demand in an action, or of the defendant's set-off.
 Bill of rights, a summary of rights and privileges claimed by a people. Such was the declaration presented by the Lords and Commons of England to the Prince and Princess of Orange in 1688, and enacted in Parliament after they became king and queen. In America, a bill or declaration of rights is prefixed to most of the constitutions of the several States.
 Bill of sale, a formal instrument for the conveyance or transfer of goods and chattels.
 Bill of sight, a form of entry at the customhouse, by which goods, respecting which the importer is not possessed of full information, may be provisionally landed for examination.
 Bill of store, a license granted at the customhouse to merchants, to carry such stores and provisions as are necessary for a voyage, custom free. --Wharton.
 Bills payable (pl.), the outstanding unpaid notes or acceptances made and issued by an individual or firm.
 Bills receivable (pl.), the unpaid promissory notes or acceptances held by an individual or firm. --McElrath.
 A true bill, a bill of indictment sanctioned by a grand jury.