mineral oil 名詞



 Naph·tha n.
 1. Chem. The complex mixture of volatile, liquid, inflammable hydrocarbons, occurring naturally, and usually called crude petroleum, mineral oil, or rock oil.  Specifically: That portion of the distillate obtained in the refinement of petroleum which is intermediate between the lighter gasoline and the heavier benzine, and has a specific gravity of about 0.7, -- used as a solvent for varnishes, as a carburetant, illuminant, etc.
 2. Chem. One of several volatile inflammable liquids obtained by the distillation of certain carbonaceous materials and resembling the naphtha from petroleum; as, Boghead naphtha, from Boghead coal (obtained at Boghead, Scotland); crude naphtha, or light oil, from coal tar; wood naphtha, from wood, etc.
 Note: ☞ This term was applied by the earlier chemical writers to a number of volatile, strong smelling, inflammable liquids, chiefly belonging to the ethers, as the sulphate, nitrate, or acetate of ethyl.
 Naphtha vitrioli  Old Chem., common ethyl ether; -- formerly called sulphuric ether. See Ether.

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 Min·er·al, a.
 1. Of or pertaining to minerals; consisting of a mineral or of minerals; as, a mineral substance.
 2. Impregnated with minerals; as, mineral waters.
 Mineral acids Chem., inorganic acids, as sulphuric, nitric, phosphoric, hydrochloric, acids, etc., as distinguished from the organic acids.
 Mineral blue, the name usually given to azurite, when reduced to an impalpable powder for coloring purposes.
 Mineral candle, a candle made of paraffin.
 Mineral caoutchouc, an elastic mineral pitch, a variety of bitumen, resembling caoutchouc in elasticity and softness. See Caoutchouc, and Elaterite.
 Mineral chameleon Chem. See Chameleon mineral, under Chameleon.
 Mineral charcoal. See under Charcoal.
 Mineral cotton. See Mineral wool (below).
 Mineral green, a green carbonate of copper; malachite.
 Mineral kingdom Nat. Sci., that one of the three grand divisions of nature which embraces all inorganic objects, as distinguished from plants or animals.
 Mineral oil. See Naphtha, and Petroleum.
 Mineral paint, a pigment made chiefly of some natural mineral substance, as red or yellow iron ocher.
 Mineral patch. See Bitumen, and Asphalt.
 Mineral right, the right of taking minerals from land.
 Mineral salt Chem., a salt of a mineral acid.
 Mineral tallow, a familiar name for hatchettite, from its fatty or spermaceti-like appearance.
 Mineral water. See under Water.
 Mineral wax. See Ozocerite.
 Mineral wool, a fibrous wool-like material, made by blowing a powerful jet of air or steam through melted slag. It is a poor conductor of heat.

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 mineral oil
      n : a distillate of petroleum (especially one used medicinally
          as a laxative or stool softener)