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 mag·is·trate /ˈmæʤəˌstret, strət/
 長官,法官,推事

 Mag·is·trate n.  A person clothed with power as a public civil officer; a public civil officer invested with the executive government, or some branch of it. “All Christian rulers and magistrates.”
    Of magistrates some also are supreme, in whom the sovereign power of the state resides; others are subordinate.   --Blackstone.
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 magistrate
      n : a public official authorized to decide questions bought
          before a court of justice [syn: judge, justice, jurist]

 Magistrate
    a public civil officer invested with authority. The Hebrew
    shophetim, or judges, were magistrates having authority in the
    land (Deut. 1:16, 17). In Judg. 18:7 the word "magistrate"
    (A.V.) is rendered in the Revised Version "possessing
    authority", i.e., having power to do them harm by invasion. In
    the time of Ezra (9:2) and Nehemiah (2:16; 4:14; 13:11) the
    Jewish magistrates were called _seganim_, properly meaning
    "nobles." In the New Testament the Greek word _archon_, rendered
    "magistrate" (Luke 12:58; Titus 3:1), means one first in power,
    and hence a prince, as in Matt. 20:25, 1 Cor. 2:6, 8. This term
    is used of the Messiah, "Prince of the kings of the earth" (Rev.
    1:5). In Acts 16:20, 22, 35, 36, 38, the Greek term _strategos_,
    rendered "magistrate," properly signifies the leader of an army,
    a general, one having military authority. The _strategoi_ were
    the duumviri, the two praetors appointed to preside over the
    administration of justice in the colonies of the Romans. They
    were attended by the sergeants (properly lictors or "rod
    bearers").